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Church Statute of Prince Vladimir
Church Statute of Prince Volodimir (modern writing: Vladimir; ''(ロシア語:Церковный Устав князя Владимира)'') is a source of church law in Old Rus', defined legal authority of church and legal status of clergy by the state: prince (knyaz) and his administration. Vladimir's Statute was a short legal code, regulated relationship between the church and the state, including demarcation of jurisdiction between church and princely courts, and defined index of persons and organizations within the church jurisdiction. The church also got under its supervision the system of weights and measures, and monthly support: tithe from all princely income. The statute was written at the beginning of the 12th century and remaked during many centuries. The statute was written in Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian. It was one of the first church sources of Old Russian Law.〔Memorials of Russian Law / ed. by Serafim Yushkov. Issue 1: Memorials of Law of Kievan State of the 10th-12th centuries / Aleksandr Zimin. Moscow, 1952. P. 236. ((ロシア語:Памятники русского права / Под ред. С.В. Юшкова. М., 1952. Вып. I: Памятники права Киевского государства X–XII вв. / Сост. А.А. Зимин. C. 236)).〕 Church Statute of Prince Yaroslav and other Old Russian princely statutes served to closely purposes. One of the sources of the statute was Byzantine law, including Nomocanon.〔Kaiser, Daniel H. The growth of the law in Medieval Russia. – Princeton: Princeton univ. press, 1980. – 308 p.〕
The statute was written on behalf of Kievan prince (and the prince of all Rus') "''Vasilii, called Volodimir, son of Sviatoslav'' <...> having consulted with my ''Princess Anna'' and with ''my children''".〔(The Laws of Rus' - Tenth to Fifteenth Centuries ), tr., ed. Daniel H. Kaiser (Salt Lake City, 1992), 42.〕
==History and meaning==
Evgeniy (Bolkhovitinov), Konstantin Nevolin, Makariy (Bulgakov), Vasily Klyuchevsky, Vladimir Beneshevich, Aleksandr Lototskiy, George Vernadsky and Mikhail Tikhomirov considered that the statute went back to Pre-Mongol Period (before the first half of the 13th century). Serafim Yushkov, Aleksandr Zimin and Yaroslav Schapov referred the archetype of the statute to the beginning or to the first half of the 12th century. Nikolay Karamzin, Yevgeny Golubinsky attributed the basis of the statute to the 13th century. Altksey Pavlov - to the 14th century.〔Old Russian Princely Statutes of the 11-15th centuries / Yaroslav Schapov. P. 12.〕 Serafim Yushkov considered that the basis was a short "confirmative" charter (gramota) by prince Vladimir Svyatoslavich (the end of the 10th - the beginning of the 11th centuries), authorized use of church law and defined size of jurisdiction of Russian church. Yushkov reconstructed this charter: a part of the lawsuits were passed from prince, boyars and their judges to the church and the bishops.〔Yushkov, Serafim. Study on the History of Russian Law. Statute of Prince Vladimir / Historical and Legal Research. Novouzensk, 1925. Issue 1. P. 134-135. ((ロシア語:Юшков С.В. Исследование по истории русского права. Устав князя Владимира / Историко-юридическое исследование. Новоузенск, 1925. Вып. 1. С. 134-135)). Thus the most part of the statute wasn't written in the time of Vladimir Svyatoslavich, but it was just attributed to Vladimir.〕 According to Yushkov the protograph of the first and second redactions was formed at the beginning of the 12th century, also reconstructed by the scholar.〔Ibid. P. 118.〕
Statute of Vladimir has a wide distribution in Old Russia and was known outside. Development of the statute redactions reflexes evolution of Old Russian church law and relationship between church and prince during centuries.〔
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